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Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhari

46. The Book of Partnership

مختصر صحيح البخاري

باب: في الشركة في الطَّعَـام وَالنَّهْدِ والعُرُوضِ

46/1 Chapter: About (sharing) meals and the Nahd (i.e. sharing the expenses of a journey or putting the journey food of the travellers together to be distributed among them in equal shares) and (i.e. sharing other goods).

باب: في الشركة في الطَّعَـام وَالنَّهْدِ والعُرُوضِ

1131

Sahih
عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : خَفَّتْ أَزْوَادُ الْقَوْمِ وَأَمْلَقُوا، فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ (ﷺ) فِي نَحْرِ إِبِلِهِمْ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ، فَلَقِيَهُمْ عُمَرُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَقَالَ : مَا بَقَاؤُكُمْ بَعْدَ إِبِلِكُمْ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا بَقَاؤُهُمْ بَعْدَ إِبِلِهِمْ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ : نَادِ في النَّاسِ، يَأْتُونَ بِفَضْلِ أَزْوَادِهِمْ) فَبُسِطَ لِذلِكَ نِطَع وَجَعَلُوهُ عَلَى النِّطَعِ، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ الله (ﷺ) فَدَعَا وَبَرَّكَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ دَعاهُمْ بِأَوْعِيتِهِمْ ، فَاحْتَشَى النَّاسُ حَتَّى فَرَغُوا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ﷺ): (أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ، وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ) .

Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa'

Once the journey food diminished and the people were reduced to poverty. They went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and asked his permission to slaughter their camels, and he permitted them. 'Umar met them and they told him about it, and he said, "How would you survive after slaughtering your camels?" Then he went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, O Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ)! How would they survive after slaughtering their camels?" Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered 'Umar, "Call upon the people to bring what has remained of their food." A leather sheet was spread and all the journey food was collected and heaped over it. Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) stood up and invoked Allâh to bless it, and then directed all the people to come with their utensils, and they started taking from it till all of them got what was sufficient for them. Allâh's Messenger (ﷺ) then said, "I testify that La ilâha ill-Allâh (none has the right to be worshipped but Allâh) and I am the Messenger of Allâh. [3:664-O.B]
Reference: undefined

1132

Sahih
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (ﷺ): (إِنَّ الأَشْعَرِيِّينَ إِذَا أَرْمَلُوا فِي الْغَزْو، أَوْ قَلَّ طَعَامُ عِبَالِهِمْ بِالمَدِينَةِ، جَمَعُوا مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُمْ فِي ثَوْبِ وَاحِدٍ، ثُمَّ اقْتَسَمُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي إِنَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ، فَهُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ) .

Narrated Abu Mûsa

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "When the people of Ash'arî tribe ran short of food during the holy battles, or the food of their families in Al-Madîna ran short, they would collect all their remaining food in one sheet and then distribute it among themselves equally by measuring it with a bowl. So, these people are from me, and I am from them." [3:666-0.B]
Reference: undefined

باب: قِسْمَةِ الغَنَمِ

46/2 Chapter: Division of sheep.

باب: قِسْمَةِ الغَنَمِ

1133

Sahih
عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) بِذِي الحُلَيْفَةِ، فَأَصَابَ النَّاسَ جُوعٌ، فَأَصَابُوا إيلا وَغَنَمًا ، قَالَ : وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ) فِي أُخْرَياتِ الْقَوْمِ، فَعَجِلُوا وَذَبَحُوا وَنَصَبُوا الْقُدُورَ، فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ (ﷺ) بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِتَتْ، ثُمَّ قَسَمَ، فَعَدَلَ عَشْرَةٌ مِنَ الْغَنَم بَعِيرٍ، فَنَدَّ مِنْهَا بَعِيرٌ، فَطَلَبُوهُ فَأَعْيَاهُمْ، وَكَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ خَيْلٌ يَسِيرَةٌ، فَأَهْوَى رَجلٌ مِنْهُمْ بِسَهُم فَحَبَسَهُ اللَّهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : (إِنَّ لِهَذِهِ الْبَهَائِمِ أَوَابِدَ كَأَوَابِدِ الْوَحْشِ، فَمَا غَلَبَكُمْ مِنْهَا فَأَصْنَعُوا بِهِ هَكَذَا فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّا نَرْجُو الْعَدُوَّ غَدًا وَلَيْسَتْ مَعَنَا مُدَى، أَفَنَذْبَحُ بِالْقَصَبِ؟ قالَ : مَا أَنْهَرَ الدَّمَ، وَذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ فَكُلُوهُ، لَيْسَ السِّنَّ وَالظُّفُرَ، وَسَأَحَدُتُكُمْ عَنْ ذلِكَ : أَمَّا السِّنُّ فَعَظْمٌ، وَأَمَّا الظُّفُرُ فَمُدَى الحَبَشَةِ).

Narrated Rafi bin Khadij

We were in the company of the Prophet (ﷺ) at Dhul-Hulaifa. The people were struck with hunger and captured some camels and sheep (as booty). The Prophet (ﷺ). was behind the people. They hurried and slaughtered the animals and put their meat in pots and started cooking it. (When the Prophet (ﷺ) [came) he ordered the pots to be upset [1] and then he distributed the animals (of the booty), regarding ten sheep as equal to one camel. One of the camels fled and the people ran after it till they were exhausted. At that time there were few horses. A man threw an arrow at the camel, and Allâh stopped the camel with it. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Some of these animals are like wild animals, so if you lose control over one of these animals, treat it in this way (i.e. shoot it with an arrow). (The narrator added:) " We were afraid that we may meet the enemy tomorrow and have no knives; [We asked the Prophet (ﷺ) ()]: ' Can we slaughter the animals with reeds?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'Use whatever causes blood to flow, and eat the animals if the Name of Allâh has been mentioned on slaughtering them. Do not slaughter with teeth or fingernails and I will tell you why: It is because teeth are bones (i.e. cannot cut properly) and fingernails are the tools used by the Ethiopians (whom we should not imitate for they are infidels). ' [3:668-O.B]
[1] The Prophet (ﷺ) did not agree to their slaughtering the animals of the booty before distributing them among the soldiers.
Reference: undefined

باب: تَقْويمِ الْأَشْيَاءِ بَيْنَ الشُرَكَاءِ بِقِيمَةِ عَدْلٍ

46/3 Chapter: To get a joint property evaluated with an adequate price.

باب: تَقْويمِ الْأَشْيَاءِ بَيْنَ الشُرَكَاءِ بِقِيمَةِ عَدْلٍ

1134

Sahih
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) قَالَ: (مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شَقِيصًا مِنْ مَمْلُوكِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ خَلَاصُهُ فِي مَالِهِ ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ ، قُوْمَ المَمْلُوكُ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ، ثُمَّ اسْتَسْعِيَ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْه).

Narrated Abu Huraira

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever manumits his share of a jointly possessed slave, it is imperative for him to get that slave manumitted completely by paying the remaining price, and if he does not have sufficient money to manumit him, then the price of the slave should be estimated justly, and he (the slave) is to be allowed to work and earn the amount that will manumit him (without overburdening him)." [3:672-0.B]
Reference: undefined

باب: هَل يُقْرَعُ فِي القِسْمَةِ

46/4 Chapter: Can one draw lots for divisions and shares ?

باب: هَل يُقْرَعُ فِي القِسْمَةِ

1135

Sahih
عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْن بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا : عَنِ النَّبِيِّ (ﷺ) قَالَ: (مَثَلُ الْقَائِمِ عَلَى حُدُودِ اللهِ وَالْوَاقِعِ فِيهَا، كَمَثَلِ قَوْمِ اسْتَهَمُوا عَلَى سَفِينَةٍ، فَأَصَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَعْلاهَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ أَسْفَلَهَا، فَكَانَ الَّذِينَ فِي أَسْفَلِهَا إِذَا اسْتَقَوْا مِنَ الْمَاءِ مَرُّوا عَلَى مَنْ فَوْقَهُمْ، فَقَالُوا : لَو أَنَّا خَرَقْنَا فِي نَصِيبنَا خَرْقًا، وَلَمْ تُؤْذِ مَنْ فَوْقَنَا ، فَإِنْ يَتْرُكُوهُمْ وَمَا أَرَادُوا هَلَكُوا جَمِيعًا، وَإِنْ أَخَذُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ نَجَوْا وَنَجَوْا جَمِيعًا).

Narrated An-Nu'mân bin Bashir

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The example of the person abiding by Allâh's Orders and Restrictions in comparison to those who violate them is like the example of those persons who drew lots for their seats in a boat. Some of them got seats in the upper part, and the others in the lower. When the latter needed water, they had to go up to bring water (and that troubled the others), so they said, 'Let us make a hole in our share of the ship (and get water) saving those who are above us from troubling them. So, if the people in the upper part left the others do what they had intended, all of them would be perished but if they prevented them (from doing so) both parties would be saved." [3:673-O.B]
Reference: undefined

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